This sub-class includes the activities of allowing others to use intellectual property products and/or similar products for which a royalty payment or licensing fee is paid to the owner of the product (i.e., the asset holder). The leasing of these products can take various forms, such as permission for reproduction, use in subsequent processes or products, operating businesses under a franchise. The current owners may or may not have created these products. Units in this sub-class are primarily engaged in: •leasing of intellectual property products such as patents (except copyrighted works, such as books or software) •receiving royalties or licensing fees for the use of: - trade marks or service marks - brand names - franchise agreements - scientific research results - designed or developed board games - internet domains - patented entities